Diet is a known concept that is known to everyone, which in 90 % of the population is associated with certain restrictions in power mode for a specific period of time in order to normalize weight. However, this concept has a broader meaning and in the literal translation from the Greek language denotes the "diet". Simply put, this is a way of life, food habits and a food diet, which a person or a nation follows through life.
In addition to the general concept, there are various types of nutrition, such as rational, therapeutic diets, vegetarianism, veganism, raw food diet, halal, kosher and other types in which certain food is limited or excluded in the diet.
How safe are the diets?
Of course, preferences in food and the choice of a certain type of nutrition affects human health. As for temporary diets, which involve the transition to the correct diet - they also affect health, and sometimes not the best. Particularly dangerous is sharp weight loss immediately after childbirth. It would seem that these are temporary restrictions, why are they dangerous for the body?
Stress for the body
The new diet, disturbance of digestion and metabolism, the destruction of adipose tissue are a real stress for the body, which is trying to adapt to new conditions of existence, giving all strength to maintain vital functions. Particular harm in this case is brought by methods that suggest a sharp, rather than a gradual rejection of certain products. In another case, "decisive" ladies drive themselves into their stressful state, who feed on apple and water from tomorrow, but today they indulge themselves with a barbecue with lavash.
Intolerance to the body
This is the main drawback of most diets. Rarely people on a diet think about possible contraindications to the chosen way of losing weight, relying on the opinion of friends, acquaintances, which it helped and the process of weight loss itself was easily. The deterioration of well -being and appearance is nothing more than the dysfunction of the digestive, urinary and other body systems, while in the sources of the diet all these negative phenomena are called the "restructuring of the body", the "reaction to the destruction of adipose tissue", etc.
Lack of vital substances in the body
For some time, the substances necessary for life, but no longer coming from food or entering in a small amount, will climb from a depot in the body. However, this period is short-term, and vitamin-mineral failure will affect both the metabolism and the work of internal organs, not to mention appearance.
Depression
The psychological side is one of the main ones subject to a limited diet. Primary euphoria and faith in the result after 3-5 days of compliance with the diet are replaced by a depressed mood, apathy and may result in a nervous breakdown.
Loss of muscle mass
One of the negative effects, but very likely with low -calorie diets, since not only adipose tissue, but also muscle, which negatively affects both health and appearance, decreases.
Dehydration
This phenomenon is characteristic of diets without salt, since the complete exclusion of salt from the diet leads in loss of fluid from tissues, the subsequent accumulation of toxic metabolism products and a violation of all biochemical processes in the body.
Reducing immunity
Unstable nutrition, stress and deceleration of metabolic processes reduce the body's resistance to infections.
Change in appearance
It would seem - this is the result of all diets, and they are striving for this. But a change in appearance may not be at all as expected. Singing, flabby and dull skin, brittle hair and nails, which has lost its shape and buttocks, sunk eyes are far from a complete list of all the changes that occur in the process of losing weight.
A sharp increase in the risk of any diseases and activation of dormant pathologies
The body weakened by diets is an ideal environment for the development of any infectious process, including the activation of its own conditionally pathogenic microflora, as well as exacerbation of chronic pathologies. With a high degree of probability, after some time, diseases of the body system that has undergone the greatest change during the diet are found. Also, against the background of impaired metabolism and hormonal background, the risk of cancer increases.
In addition to health problems, most people are faced with emotional dependence on the diet after its cancellation. The fear of gaining extra pounds is intensified by those victims that had to be made during weight loss. All this leads to the body rejection of "prohibited" products, the development of depression and extreme conditions in the form of anorexia or bulimia.
Ducan protein diet - the essence of the method of weight loss
The author of the methodology is the French doctor Pierre Dukan. Since its appearance, the Ducan method has gained great widespread due to the fact that a strict restriction in the diet has been excluded. "Eat as much as you want, " says P. Ducan.
The doctor devoted 19 books to his innovative way of losing weight. The scientist himself has been adhering to a diet for more than 40 years and, as he himself claims, does not experience any health problems. According to the author, the technique allows you to lose excess weight, to fix and stabilize the result without strict fasting and unbearable training.
Ducan diet belongs to protein diets:
- There are practically no restrictions on the volume of food consumed from the category of permitted;
- There is a clear list of prohibited and permitted products;
- The basis of the nutrition is protein food;
- Carbohydrates are significantly limited and fats are practically excluded;
- The amount of salt is minimized, which delays water in the body;
- Alcohol is completely excluded. At the last stage, the use of white wine for cooking dishes is allowed;
- The compulsory nutrition element is oat bran, which replace one of the meals during the day. Bran is dull of hunger, normalize digestion and remove metabolic products;
- It is important to drink a sufficient amount of water, 2 liters per day necessary to reduce hunger and efficient removal of metabolism. You can drink at any time;
- It is strictly forbidden to miss breakfast;
- It is necessary to lead an active lifestyle to prevent kidney problems.
Why can you lose weight without risk to gain weight again, eating protein foods?
- The digestion of proteins is accompanied by a greater loss of calories than is spent on the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates;
- Protein in pure form significantly reduce the feeling of hunger and does not delay water in the body;
- Protein food increases the body's resistance to infections;
- The protein does not allow the muscles to "lose weight", supporting them in good shape, which means that it excludes the sagging of the skin.
Stages, menu
Ducan's technique consists of 4, replacing the stages. The first two stages allow you to lose weight, and the last two - to fix and stabilize the achieved result. Each stage has a specific name and a list of products that can be eaten. The most important thing for losing weight is that there is no need to count calories, eating as much as you want from the list of permitted ones. To achieve the result, you can not observe the diet half, having achieved weight loss, but without fixing the result.
Dyukan's diet: The first phase "Attack"
The shortest and most significant stage in terms of weight loss. It is allowed to eat only protein foods. On average, the attacks are observed for 5 days, hesitating from 2 to 10 days, and depend on the excess body weight. You can calculate the weight according to a simple formula: m = p - 100, where m is a mass in a kilo; P is growth in cm.
| The amount of kilograms above normal | The duration of the attack (days) | Weight loss for the days of attack (kilograms) |
| ≤ 5 kg | 1 | ≈ 1 |
| ≤ 10 kg | 3 | 1 - 2. 5 |
| 11 - 19 kg | 5 | from 3 |
| ≥ 20 kg | 7-10 | from 5 |
- Eating meals should be regular.
- You can eat as much as you want.
- At this stage, strong physical activity is prohibited, enough 20-minute walking per day.
A list of products that can be eaten in any quantity, combinations and any time of the day: |
List of prohibited products: |
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Methods of preparation: |
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The second stage "Alternation"
At this stage, the main weight loss occurs. It will not be as harsh as during the days of the attack - about 1 kg per week. The duration of this stage depends on what numbers on the scales must be lost. Those. When reaching the desired weight, you should proceed to the next stage.
- Protein days alternate with protein-vegetable. This means that on protein days you can eat the same as at the first stage, and in protein and vegetable days, cooked or raw vegetables are added to the protein, but the basis of the diet is still proteins.
- The alternation scheme is selected individually. For example, 5 in 5 days, or 1 in 1.
- Vegetables cannot be seasoned with oil, but you can 0% yogurt, balmic vinegar, garlic.
- Methods of cooking vegetables: grill, steamed, boiling, extinguishing, baking in the oven.
- Be sure to consume 2 tablespoons of oat bran daily.
- It is necessary to drink at least 1. 5-2 liters of liquid per day.
- From physical activity, walking is recommended for at least half an hour per day.
Allowed vegetables: |
Forbidden vegetables: |
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Features of the stage: |
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The third stage of the diet is the phase "consolidation"
At this stage, the weight is no longer lost, but the body is accustomed to a new diet to stabilize weight. The most difficult stage from a psychological point of view, associated with the presence of a number of restrictions in nutrition. Duration is calculated according to the following scheme - 10 days each lost kilo:
| Lost kilo, kg | The duration of the stage, days |
| 5 | 50-60 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 20 | 200 |
- The menu is expanded by new, delicious products, but strict rules for their consumption are established;
- The stage is divided into 2 equal half;
- 6 days a week should eat protein-vegetable foods (as in the protein and vegetable days of the stage of "alternation");
- 1 day a week (Thursday) should be purely protein (like the days of the "attack");
- Every day you should use 2 tbsp. oat bran;
- You should drink at least 1. 5-2 liters of liquid per day;
- Physical activity - walking about 25 minutes per day.
In the first half of the stage, in addition to vegetables, you can add the following products: |
Explanations on new products: |
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In the second half of the stage, they are additionally allowed: |
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The fourth stage is "stabilization"
At this stage, the final weight stabilization occurs due to the formation of protective mechanisms that will have to be observed throughout life! The diet is positioned by its creator as proper, useful nutrition, therefore, at this stage, it is no longer considered as a measure to preserve the harmony of the figure, but as a healthy lifestyle.
- The basis of the food is the rules given at the stage of "consolidation".
- The main diet will be vegetables and proteins.
- 1 exclusively protein day also remains (Thursday).
- Daily should consume 3 tbsp. oat bran.
- We must not forget about compliance with the drinking regime - 1. 5 liters per day.
- It is necessary to do daily walks, 20 minutes per day.
Changes in the menu regarding protein day:
- The intake of red fish is limited: no more than 150 grams of smoked and no more than 200 grams of raw. The amount of white fish and seafood is not limited;
- When using chicken, wings, thighs and tails are prohibited. Turkey meat, these restrictions do not concern;
- From dairy products with 0 % fat, preference should be given to those that contain less lactose;
- Salt consumption on this day is reduced to a minimum.
The above rules should be observed strictly, without giving yourself slack, otherwise a breakdown will occur and the body will begin to return the previous weight!